how long was william henry harrison speech in minutes

[32] In 1804, Harrison was assigned to administer the civilian government of the District of Louisiana. WebAn illustrated chronology of key events in the life of William Henry Harrison (1773-1841), ninth president of the United States. After taking the presidential oath of office on the balcony of Federal Hall in New York City, he gave a speech inside the Senate [38], On May 13, 1800, President John Adams appointed Harrison as the governor of the Indiana Territory, based on his ties to the west and his apparent neutral political stances. [67] Freehling says that Harrison's rusty skills resulted in his troops setting campfires the night before the battle, exposing their position to a surprise attack and casualties. Have Any U.S. Presidents Decided Not to Run For a Second Term? Harrison was born into the Harrison family of Virginia at their homestead, Berkeley Plantation. [124] Jane McHugh and Philip A. Mackowiak did an analysis in Clinical Infectious Diseases (2014), examining Miller's notes and records showing that the White House water supply was downstream of public sewage, and they concluded that he likely died of septic shock due to "enteric fever" (typhoid or paratyphoid fever).[125][126]. "[110] The dispute escalated when Harrison named as Secretary of State Daniel Webster, Clay's arch-rival for control of the Whig Party. Harrison returned to private life in North Bend, Ohio, until he was nominated as one of several Whig Party nominees for president in the 1836 United States presidential election; he was defeated by Democratic vice president Martin Van Buren. [59] Tecumseh then began shouting at Harrison and called him a liar. [5] Tecumseh informed Harrison that he had threatened to kill the chiefs who signed the treaty if they carried out its terms and that his confederation of tribes was growing rapidly. His father, Benjamin Harrison, was long prominent in Virginia politics and became a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1764, opposing Patrick Henrys Stamp Act resolutions in the following year. On March 4, 1841, without coat, hat or gloves, Virginia-born William Henry Harrison delivered the longest inauguration speech in United States history. Page 430. [70], The Americans suffered a defeat in the siege of Detroit. In 1798 Pres. WebOn March 4, 1841, President William Henry Harrison gave the longest inaugural speech in American history. Harrison named his cabinet and called for Congress to return on May 31 for a special session. WebWilliam Henry Harrison, an American military officer and politician, was the ninth President of the United States (1841), the oldest President to be elected at the time. William Henry Harrison had the longest inaugural address at 8,460 words and took one hour and 45 minutes to deliver. Doctors were called in, but their medical practices were crude: heated suction cups to supposedly draw out the disease, and the same bleeding tactics that had killed George Washington. [48] Harrison thought that the Treaty of Grouseland (1805) appeased some of the Indians, but tensions remained high along the frontier. Harrison arrived in Washington on February 9, 1841, his sixty-eighth birthday. The Whigs encouraged womens participation throughout Virginia, overturning long-standing cultural constrains on public partisanship by women. [5], Harrison was promoted to lieutenant after Major General "Mad Anthony" Wayne took command of the western army in 1792, following a disastrous defeat under Arthur St. He was promoted to major general in the Army during the War of 1812, and led American infantry and cavalry to victory at the Battle of the Thames in Upper Canada. William Henry Harrison is elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from Ohio. William Henry Harrisons funeral is held in Washington, D.C. William Henry Harrisons casket is entombed at North Bend, Ohio. Jefferson directed Harrison to buy land for white settlement from the Native Americans, instructing him in a February 1803 letterto provide the tribes with effectual protection against wrongs from our own people, but to use trade to run up debt with the Indians so they would lop off some of their lands and sell them. While Tecumseh was away recruiting allies, Harrison led approximately 1,000 troops to attack the settlement, camping a short distance from Prophetstown. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. An opposition newspaper writer portrayed him as a feeble, elderly man: Give him a barrel of hard cider, and settle a pension of two thousand a year on him, and take my word for it, he will sit the remainder of his days in his log cabin. The Whigs made this image of Harrison as a cabin-dwelling, cider-drinking common man the centerpiece of his campaigneven though he descended from the Virginia elite, lived in a mansion, and didnt drink hard cideras a contrast to the cosmopolitan Van Buren. "[114] His own cabinet attempted to countermand his appointment of John Chambers as Governor of the Iowa Territory in favor of Webster's friend James Wilson. [130] The same day Tyler was sworn into office in front of Harrison's cabinet. His army defeated the British, and Tecumseh was killed, on October 5, 1813, at the Battle of the Thames. Harrison was promoted to captain in 1797 and, for a brief period, served as commander of Fort Washington, resigning from the army in June 1798. [103] He braved the chilly weather and chose not to wear an overcoat or a hat, rode on horseback to the grand ceremony, and then delivered the longest inaugural address in American history[103] at 8,445 words. His sole concession to Clay was to name his protg John J. Crittenden to the post of Attorney General. Harrison took part in the campaign that ended in the Battle of Fallen Timbers (August 20, 1794), near present-day Maumee, Ohio. Eustis demanded to know why Harrison had not taken adequate precautions in fortifying his camp against the initial attack, and Harrison said that he had considered the position strong enough. [5] He was elected in 1816 to complete John McLean's term in the House of Representatives, representing Ohio's 1st congressional district until 1819. William Henry Harrison, (born February 9, 1773, Charles City county, Virginia [U.S.]died April 4, 1841, Washington, D.C., U.S.), ninth president of the United States (1841), whose Indian campaigns, while he was a territorial governor and army officer, thrust him into the national limelight and led to his election in 1840. [2] Harrison's older brother Carter Bassett Harrison represented Virginia in the House of Representatives (17931799). [134], Harrison's cabinet insisted that Tyler was "Vice President acting as President". [121], No official announcements were made concerning Harrison's illness, which fueled public speculation and concern the longer he remained out of public view. When was there ever before such a spectacle . At a Glance Video Search Life Portrait Survey Result. They were bearing the dead body of Harrison to the grave. Sworn into office as president of the U.S. He gave the longest inauguration speech in history, 8,445 words delivered in one hour and forty-five minutes. Harrison built a brick governors mansion at the territorial capital of Vincennes on the Wabash River that he named Grouseland because he hunted grouse in the area. [15][16], At his mother's death in 1793, Harrison inherited a portion of his family's Virginia estate, including approximately 3,000 acres (12km2) of land and several slaves. [64][65], When reporting to Secretary Eustis, Harrison had informed him of the battle near the Tippecanoe River and that he had anticipated an attack. [17] Harrison was promoted to captain in May 1797 and resigned from the Army on June 1, 1798. [113] Conflicting and unconfirmed newspaper reports were based on leaks by people with contacts in the White House. He won the Electoral College by a landslide: 234 electoral votes to 60 for Van Buren. [68] By December, however, most major American papers carried stories on the battle victory, and public outrage grew over the Shawnee. The following year Harrison was sent to Congress as a territorial delegate. Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia, Notice of Non-Discrimination and Equal Opportunity. [109], Clay was a leader of the Whigs and a powerful legislator, as well as a frustrated presidential candidate in his own right, and he expected to have substantial influence in the Harrison administration. General James Winchester offered Harrison the rank of brigadier general, but Harrison wanted sole command of the army. Harrison was born on February 9, 1773, in Charles City County, the youngest of seven children of Benjamin Harrison V and Elizabeth Bassett Harrison. The Northwest Territory's population reached a sufficient number to have a congressional delegate in October 1799, and Harrison ran for election. Harrisons slogan, Tippecanoe and Tyler Too, referring to his running mate, former U.S. senator from Virginia John Tyler, became one of the most famous campaign slogans. Harrison responded, "by my sword, and my own right arm, sir". [32][41], Harrison began his duties on January 10, 1801, at Vincennes, the capital of the Indiana Territory. [116] A few days later, however, Treasury Secretary Thomas Ewing reported to Harrison that federal funds were in such trouble that the government could not continue to operate until Congress' regularly scheduled session in December; Harrison thus relented, and proclaimed the special session on March 17, in the interests of "the condition of the revenue and finance of the country". He was elected to the Ohio Senate in 1819 and served until 1821 but lost a bid for governor in 1820. [107] On Wednesday, March 24, 1841, Harrison took his daily morning walk to local markets, without a coat or hat. [7] As part of the treaty negotiations, the tribes ceded large tracts of land in the west which provided additional acreage for purchase and settlement by the nation. In June 1840, a Harrison rally at the site of the Tippecanoe battle drew 60,000 people. [70] Harrison was succeeded by John Gibson as acting governor of the territory. He regularly worked until after midnight and spent much of his time fending off office seekers, who could walk right into the White House. In May 1834, Harrison was appointed clerk of courts of the Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas in Cincinnati, a lowly position for a man of his political ambitions. Wayne made Harrison one of his aides-de-camp and cited him for bravery during the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, the final battle of the Northwest Indian War that opened the Northwest Territory (present day Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and a small part of Minnesota) to white settlement and, through the Treaty of Greenville signed the following year, displaced Indian tribes from most of what would become Ohio. [135] The cabinet consulted with Chief Justice Roger Taney and decided that, if Tyler took the presidential oath of office, he would assume the office of president. Harrison negotiated the 1809 Treaty of Fort Wayne under which the United States acquired about 2.5 million acres of land from the Delaware, Shawnee, Potawatomi, Miami, Kickapoo, and Eel River tribes. [18], Harrison met Anna Tuthill Symmes of North Bend, Ohio in 1795 when he was 22. At age fifty-six, Harrison returned to his home in North Bend, Ohio. All in all, Harrison committed to a weak presidency, deferring to "the First Branch", the Congress, in keeping with Whig principles.[105][104]. [127] Solomon Northup gave an account of the procession in Twelve Years a Slave: The next day there was a great pageant in Washington. While serving in this capacity, he devised a plan for distributing public lands to settlers and also assisted in the division of the Northwest Territory. [111], Clay was not the only one who hoped to benefit from Harrison's election. [131][a] Tyler and his family moved into the White House one week after Harrison's funeral, before Harrison's 30 day time of mourning was over. "[119], In the evening of Saturday, April 3, Harrison developed severe diarrhea and became delirious, and at 8:30p.m. he uttered his last words, to his attending doctor, assumed to be for Vice President John Tyler:[119] "Sir, I wish you to understand the true principles of the government. WebAt 68 years, 23 days of age at the time of his inauguration, he was the oldest president-elect to take office until Ronald Reagan in 1981 . View this answer. Van Buren won easily, but Harrison was the top Whig vote getter. Harrison grew up at Berkeley, a tobacco plantation owned by his family and farmed by enslaved African Americans. They then eloped and were married on November 25, 1795, at the North Bend home of Stephen Wood, treasurer of the Northwest Territory. It took him nearly two hours to read, although his friend and fellow Whig Daniel Webster had edited it for length. Harrison then stood and declared: "William Henry Harrison, President of the United States, tells you, gentlemen, that, by God, John Chambers shall be governor of Iowa! President John Adams appoints William Henry Harrison governor of the Indiana Territory. Congress. Indian resistance to American expansion came to a head, with the leadership of Shawnee brothers Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa ("The Prophet"), in a conflict that became known as Tecumseh's War. [35], Harrison resigned from the army in 1814, shortly before the conclusion of the War of 1812, and returned to his family and farm in North Bend, Ohio. [99] While Van Buren campaigned from the White House, Harrison was on the campaign trail, entertaining with his impressions of Indian war whoops, and took people's minds off the nation's economic troubles. In his address to the nation, Tyler did not give any personal consolation to Harrison's widow Anna or family members. He then received reinforcements in 1813, took the offensive, and led the army north to battle. "[5] Matters eventually became cordial with the father-in-law, who later sold the Harrisons 160 acres (65ha) of land in North Bend, which enabled Harrison to build a home and start a farm. [91] A swing of just over 4,000 votes in Pennsylvania would have given that state's 30 electoral votes to Harrison and the election would have been decided in the House of Representatives. We speak particularly on this point, because we were eyewitnesses of all that passed. He narrowly lost Virginia even though both he and Tyler were born there. Harrison told friends that he was so busy that he hardly had time to perform the necessary functions of nature., Harrison took daily walks around Washington, sometimes in the rain and cold. The White House hosted various public ceremonies, modeled after European royal funeral practices. She was a daughter of Anna Tuthill and Judge John Cleves Symmes, who served as a colonel in the Revolutionary War and as a representative to the Congress of the Confederation. [70], The outbreak of war with the British in 1812 led to continued conflict with Indians in the Northwest. Harrison was hailed as a hero in the Battle of Tippecanoe and became known as Old Tippecanoe.. His nickname was "Old Tippecanoe" and he was a well-respected war William Henry Harrison received a classical education at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia, where he was a student from 1787 to 1790. His farm stretched over 2,800 acres and the original log cabin had been expanded to a twenty-two-room home to house his growing familythe Harrisons had ten children, and Anna Harrison was often in poor health because of frequent pregnancies. President Van Buren hosted his successor at a White House dinner on February 13. He also was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, a member of the Continental Congress, and the governor of Virginia (178184). Nebo, which is now the William Henry Harrison Tomb State Memorial. 01/17/2012 Book Details The president who served the shortest termjust a single monthbut whose victorious election campaign rewrote the rules for candidates seeking America's highest office William Henry Harrison died just thirty-one days after taking the oath of office in 1841. Harrison's political career began in 1798, with an appointment as secretary of the Northwest Territory. On April 24, 1791, Benjamin Harrison died at age 65 while he was Speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates. In the end, Harrison came in second, and carried nine of the twenty-six states in the Union. [34][35] He had no authority to vote on legislative bills, but he was permitted to serve on a committee, to submit legislation, and to engage in debate. Harrisons predecessor, Martin Van Buren, gave a speech of 3,800 words. Deaths from pneumonia in Washington, D.C. Delegates to the United States House of Representatives from the Northwest Territory, Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives. At the same time, the Shawnee chief Tecumseh was leading an intertribal resistance to white encroachment on Native American lands. Emeritus Professor of Humanities It was the most fleeting presidency ever, lasting one scant month. Andrew Jackson took office in March 1829, and recalled Harrison in order to make his own appointment to the position. On January 26, 1841, Harrison left Cincinnati for the March 4 inauguration in Washington, D.C. Congress awarded Harrison a gold medal for his services during the war. The Whigs saw in Harrison a born southerner and war hero, who would contrast well with the aloof, uncaring, and aristocratic Van Buren. More than 30,000 people converged on the state capital for a parade featuring log cabins and canoes on wheels and a ten-foot-high rolling ball that inspired the phrase Keep the ball rolling. A jeweler from a nearby town wrote a song with a lyric that became the campaigns slogan: Tippecanoe and Tyler Too. The Whigs mounted elaborate rallies across the nation and log cabinthemed election merchandise took the country by storm, becoming the first campaign logo. William Henry Harrison (1773-1841), Americas ninth president, served just one month in office before dying of pneumonia. [5] President John Adams appointed Harrison to the position in July 1798. But what Harrison is probably best known for is his short stint in office: less than a month after taking the Presidency, Harrison died. (White House Historical Association) It is unlikely, however, that the long-winded speech caused the presidents William Henry Harrison negotiates the Treaty of Fort Wayne, under which the United States acquires 2.5 million acres of land from Native American tribes. Harrison served as general of the Army of the Northwest during the War of 1812 (18121815). The roar of cannon and the tolling of bells filled the air, while many houses were shrouded with crape, and the streets were black with people. [90] He was chosen over more controversial members of the party, such as Clay and Webster; his campaign highlighted his military record and focused on the weak U.S. economy caused by the Panic of 1837. He is assigned to Fort Washington in the village of Cincinnati in the future Ohio territory. [119] On Friday, March 26, Harrison became ill with cold-like symptoms and sent for his doctor, Thomas Miller, though he told the doctor he felt better after having taken medication for "fatigue and mental anxiety". She was less-than-happy about the prospect. [73][74] After the war ended, Congress investigated Harrison's resignation and determined that Armstrong had mistreated him during his military campaign and that his resignation was justified. Learn about Old Tippecanoe's marches against Native Americans and brief term as president of the United States. Voter turnout shot to a spectacular 80%, 20 points higher than the previous election. [22] The match was advantageous for Harrison, as he eventually exploited his father-in-law's connections with land speculators, which facilitated his departure from the army. Anna Harrison, the only First Lady never to have lived in the White House, died in February 1864 and also was interred there. [103] He intended to rely on the judgment of Congress in legislative matters, using his veto power only if an act were unconstitutional, and to reverse Jackson's spoils system of executive patronage. Harrison was the last president born as a British subject in the Thirteen Colonies and was the paternal grandfather of Benjamin Harrison, the 23rd president of the United States. A rush was made to unharness the animals when the General spoke to several of them and endeavored to prevent it; but the team was soon unmanageable, and it became necessary to take them off. 2020 Virginia Humanities, All Rights Reserved , Native Lands Appropriated for White Settlement in the Northwest Territory. Authors Gugin and St. Clair claim the resignation was forced upon him. [7][23], Professor Kenneth R. Janken, in his biography of Walter Francis White, claims that Harrison had six children by an enslaved African-American woman named Dilsia and gave four of them to a brother before running for president to avoid scandal. He attended Hampden-Sydney College in Prince Edward County and the School of Medicine of the College of Philadelphia (todays University of Pennsylvania). For nearly two hours, Harrison addressed the crowd. In response, Bolvar wrote that the United States "seem destined by Providence to plague America with torments in the name of freedom", a sentiment that achieved fame in Latin America.[80]. Encyclopedia Virginia, Virginia Humanities. [43] The Territory's general assembly convened in 1810, and its anti-slavery faction immediately repealed the indenturing laws previously enacted. He rambled on for one hour and 45 minutes, uttering 8,845 words. Harrison's concept of the presidency was very limited. The two new territories were formally established by law in 1800. Updates? [80] He arrived in Bogot on December 22, 1828, and found the condition of Colombia saddening. [143] Harrison, age 68 at the time of his inauguration, was the oldest person to assume the U.S. presidency, a distinction he held until 1981, when Ronald Reagan was inaugurated at age 69. Back in Washington, he practiced the speech while riding along Rock Creek on horseback. Most of Harrison's business during his month-long presidency involved extensive social obligations and receiving visitors at the White House. After his father dies, William Henry Harrison leaves medical school at what is now the University of Pennsylvania and joins the army. [103] He resisted pressure from other Whigs over partisan patronage. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. [136] The precedent that Congress set in 1841 was followed on seven occasions when an incumbent president died, and it was written into the Constitution in 1967 through Section One of the Twenty-fifth Amendment. of United States", "Biographical SketchWilliam Henry Harrison", "William Henry Harrison (17731841) Biography", "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Corydon Historic District", "William Henry Harrison: Shady Treaty Maker (quoting Owens)", "A Brief History of Race and Politics in Indiana", "Presidential Series William H. Harrison", "Treaty with the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawnees, Senecas, and Miamis (1814)", "William Henry Harrison: Campaigns and Elections", "How Close Were The Presidential Elections?

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