richard hakluyt reasons for colonization

[10] These religious occupations have occasioned reconsideration of the role played by spiritual concerns in Hakluyt's writings on exploration, settlement, and England's relations with its Catholic rivals. He also remarked that it would greatly annoy the Spanish king that England was encroaching upon land that Spain wanted for itself. That this enterprise will be for the manifold employment of numbers of idle men, and for breeding of many sufficient, and for utterance of the great quantity of the commodities of our Realm. Cabot voyages at the end of the 15th-century mark, the beginning of the English crown's interest in overseas discoveries. Without his urging, the English might have been content to rest in their foggy off-shore island while the Spaniards and Portuguese divided the world between them. [14], Hakluyt was also a leading adventurer of the Charter of the Virginia Company of London as a director thereof in 1589. Cultural & Economic Interactions Between Native Americans & Europeans, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Richard Hakluyt's Reasons for Colonization, The Old World and New World: Why Europeans Sailed to the Americas, Great Explorers of Spain and Portugal: Aims & Discoveries, Mapping the World, Seaborne Commerce & Piracy, Conquistadors and Encomienda System: Definition & Savaging of the New World, North American Exploration & Failed Colonies of France & England, New France, New Netherlands & New Sweden: North American Settlements, The Mayflower and the Plymouth Rock Settlement, The Puritans and the Founding of the New England Colonies, The Southern Colonies: Settlement and Growth, The Middle Colonies: New York, Delaware, New Jersey & Pennsylvania, Rise of the Slave Trade: Black History in Colonial America, The 13 Colonies: Developing Economy & Overseas Trade, British Colonies in Africa: History & Map, Richard Hakluyt: Biography & Significance, The Industrial Revolution & Enlightenment, Praxis World & U.S. History - Content Knowledge (5941): Practice & Study Guide, GED Social Studies: Civics & Government, US History, Economics, Geography & World, CLEP History of the United States I - Early Colonization to 1877 Prep, High School US History Syllabus Resource & Lesson Plans, High School World History Curriculum Resource & Lesson Plans, The Second Triumvirate: Members & Overview, The Role of Kashmir in India-Pakistan Relations, The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971: Origins, Events & Consequences, Peace Negotiations, Diplomacy & the Indo-Pakistan Conflict, The 1982 Lebanon War: Origins, Events & Outcomes, The Social & Economic Impact of the Yugoslav Wars, Displacement of Refugees in the Middle Eastern Conflicts, Comparing and Contrasting Early American Presidents: Essay Prompts, Analyzing Important Documents in American History: Essay Prompts, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Proselytizing Protestant faith to Native Americans, Gaining access to natural resources of North America, Creating an opportunity for impoverished English people to find work in the colonies, Creating a new market in the colonies for goods produced in England. Hakluyt's other works during his time in Paris consisted mainly of translations and compilations, with his own dedications and prefaces. In a number of popular pamphlets they made the . His only concern is the occupation of land for military and economic purposes because it would involve violent means. That the limits of the king of Spains dominions in the West Indies be nothing so large as is generally imagined and surmised, neither those parts which he holdeth be of any such forces as is falsely given out by the popish Clergy and others his suitors, to terrify the Princes of the Religion and to abuse and blind them. While in Oxford, Hakluyt worked with foremost geographers such as Abraham Ortelius and Gerardus Mercator. Hakluyt's Benefits of Colonization. [10][19] In the following year, he was elected archdeacon of the Abbey. Richard Hakluyt presented the work privately to the queen in 1584. [10], Hakluyt was ordained in 1578, the same year he began to receive a "pension" from the Worshipful Company of Clothworkers to study divinity. Richard Hakluyt Richard Hakluyt was born in England in the mid-sixteenth century (1552-1616). [10], While a Queen's Scholar at Westminster School, Hakluyt visited his guardian, whose conversation, illustrated by "certain bookes of cosmographie, an universall mappe, and the Bible," made Hakluyt resolve to "prosecute that knowledge, and kind of literature. Omissions? According to Hakluyt, Spain has transformed into the other enemy that must be defeated in the process of creating the New World. The latter will, in turn, reinvigorate industrial growth and the creation of new job opportunities. The Names of the rich Towns lying along the sea coast on the north side from the equinoctial of the mainland of America under the kinge of Spaine. Richard Hakluyt used this document to persuade Queen Elizabeth I to devote more money and energy into encouraging English colonization. . Richard Hakluyt lived during the Age of Exploration when opportunities were opening for European countries to explore unknown lands. At the age of 30, being acquainted with "the chiefest captaines at sea, the greatest merchants, and the best mariners of our nation,"[11] he was selected as chaplain and secretary to accompany Stafford, now English ambassador at the French court, to Paris in 1583. A clergyman, he gave public lectures and became the first professor of modern geography at the University of Oxford. That this western discoverie will be greatly for the enlargement of the gospel of Christ whereunto the Princes of the reformed religion are chiefly bound amongst whom her Majestie is principally. 828829. natural reason.15 The elder Richard Hakluyt was the first of a long series 15 Sir George Peckham, A true reporte, of . He is known for promoting early English exploration of North America. She taught for history for fifteen years. England was in an economic depression and was nervous about the growing power of Spain obtaining vast amounts of wealth from their spoils of the New World. [14], Hakluyt died on 23 November 1616, probably in London, and was buried on 26 November in Westminster Abbey;[5][27] by an error in the abbey register his burial is recorded under the year 1626. Hakluyt was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. That the Spaniards have executed most outrageous and more than Turkish cruelties in all the west Indies, whereby they are everywhere there, become most odious unto them, who would join with us or any other most willingly to shake of their most intolerable yoke, and have begun to do it already in diverse places where they were Lords heretofore. . The two would later co-operate to convince the English crown to invest in overseas ventures. Hakluyt interested himself in the publication of the manuscript journal of Ren Goulaine de Laudonnire, L'histoire notable de la Floride situe s Indes Occidentales in Paris in 1586. In support of Walter Raleighs colonizing project in Virginia, he prepared a report, known briefly as Discourse of Western Planting (written in 1584), which set out very forcefully the political and economic benefits from such a colony and the necessity for state financial support of the project. His books encouraged those living in England to begin to prepare to settle in North America and found colonies that later become the basis for the future United States. When Hakluyt was only five his father passed away. While at one point he petitioned for and received a grant to travel to America he did not, in the . He carefully explores economic concerns and articulates a number of issues towards colonization. The manuscript, lost for almost 300 years, was published for the first time in 1877. Secondly, he was a persistent and able propagator of colonization and, through his numerous works, inspired many early English explorers. He dedicated much of his career to convincing his contemporaries about the necessity of England establishing its own colonies. Until after the death of his wife in 1597, little is heard of any geographical work, but he then completed the greatly enlarged second edition of the Voyages, which appeared in three volumes between 1598 and 1600. He made a point of becoming acquainted with the most important sea captains, merchants, and sailors of England. "[14] Although this was his only visit to Continental Europe in his life, he was angered to hear the limitations of the English in terms of travel being discussed in Paris.[11]. This book describes in detail the life and times of Hakluyt, a trained minister who . Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. His major publication, The Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation (1589), provides almost everything known about the early English voyages to North America. Richard Hakluyt was one of the first to write about the exploration of the Americas in English. Richard Hakluyt, A Discourse Concerning Western Planting, Written in the Year 1584, Charles Deane, ed. [10] By the time of his death, he had amassed a small fortune out of his various emoluments and preferments, of which the last was the clergy house of Gedney, Lincolnshire, presented to him by his younger brother Oliver in 1612. The conception of race depicted by Hakluyt emanates from specific circumstances, including the institution of slavery, among other historical parameters. From an early age, he was fascinated by geography and the prospect of the colonization of America. He was the first to show "both the old imperfectly composed and the new lately reformed mappes, globes, spheares, and other instruments of this art. These latter writings, together with a few letters, are the only extant material out of which a biography of him can be framed. 1) Rich soil 2) ease of travel 3)Increase Navel Power (build more ships)-larger ships the better 4)make their Navy so strong IvyPanda. What does the evidence from the text suggest about Hakluyts conception of race? Under the reference "Bib. To begin with, the interest of Britain to colonize the Western Hemisphere is a major national goal. Hakluyt's cousin, also named Richard Hakluyt, of the Middle Temple, became his guardian. [10], In the late 1590s Hakluyt became the client and personal chaplain of Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, Lord Burghley's son, who was to be Hakluyt's most fruitful patron. Missions became the engine of colonization in North America. In twenty-one chapters, summarized here, Hakluyt emphasized the many benefits that England would receive by creating colonies in the Americas. Like so many young people, Richard had his own interests. Richard Hakluyt, Reasons for Colonization, 1585 The glory of God by planting of religion among those infidels. His father died when Richard was five years old, leaving his family to the care of a cousin, another Richard Hakluyt, a lawyer who had many friends among prominent city merchants, geographers, and explorers of the day. That speedy planting in diverse fit places is most necessary upon these lucky western discoveries for fear of the danger of being prevented by other nations which have the like intentions, with the order thereof and other reasons therewithal alleged. These works were a fertile source of material for William Shakespeare[4] and other authors. both the olde imperfectly composed, and the new lately reformed Mappes, Globes, Spheares, and other instruments of this Art for demonstration in the common schooles. Hakluyt is a firm believer of colonization owing to the nationalistic, social, and economic benefits it might bring to England. He carefully explores economic concerns . However, the risk was great for everyone involved and in the case of England, encouragement was needed. When Richard Hakluyt was forty years old, he sat one day in his study in London with a walrus tusk in his hands. IV of, This page was last edited on 30 March 2023, at 03:18. He held this position until his death, and resided in Wetheringsett through the 1590s and frequently thereafter. Hakluyt the Elder was a supporter of English participation in the exploration of America. A particular discourse concerning the great necessity and manifold commodities that are like to grow to this Realm of England by the Western discoveries lately attempted, Written In the year 1584 by Richard Hakluyt of Oxford at the request and direction of the right worshipful Mr. Walter Raleigh now Knight, before the coming home of his Two Barks: and is divided into xxi chapters, the Titles whereof follow in the next leaf. Between 1583 and 1588 he was chaplain and secretary to Sir Edward Stafford, English ambassador at the French court. English Geographer. Sometimes reading about a foreign lands makes us yearn to know more about it. Author and geographer Richard Hakluyt decided to write about the Americas as encouragement for others to learn about them. in history, and a doctoral degree in interdisciplinary studies with a focus on early modern Scotland. 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Phelan, Why the Chinese Should Be Excluded (1901), William James on The Philippine Question (1903), Chinese Immigrants Confront Anti-Chinese Prejudice (1885, 1903), African Americans Debate Enlistment (1898), Booker T. Washington & W.E.B. While in France he was able to expand his knowledge of foreign places which inspired him to write and publish books on the subject to encourage colonization. He also translated numerous works on the subject into English. That this voyage will be a great bridle to the Indies of the king of Spaine and a means that we may arrest at our pleasure for the space of time weeks or three months every year, one or two hundred sail of his subjects shipped at the fishing in Newfoundland. April 8, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/english-colonization-of-america-in-hakluyts-view/. [28] Others, consisting chiefly of notes gathered from contemporary authors, are preserved at the University of Oxford. The process transformed the diets, economies, and cultures of both continents. Hakluyt also saw a future for England in the creation of rich towns, and believed that travel across the ocean would come easily with speedy communication between England and her colonies. the Newfound Landes (London, 1583), in The . Hakluyt was not blind to the profits arising from foreign trade. Was it the description of the place that made you wonder what it was like there? The outbreak of war with Spain put an end to the effectiveness of overseas propaganda and the opportunity for further exploration, so he began work on a project that he had had in mind for some time. Proponent for colonization in the Americas- tried to lobby Queen Elizabeth to support colonization. In twenty-one chapters, summarized here, Hakluyt emphasized the many benefits that England would receive by creating colonies in the Americas. Richard Hakluyt, Reasons For Colonization, 1585 - Read more about rivers, commodities, vent, sundry, thence and hakluyt. [5][8], Richard Hakluyt, the second of four sons, was born in Eyton in Herefordshire in 1553. on 27 June 1577,[5][10] began giving public lectures in geography. 10 Richard Hakluyt, ne third voyage . A note of some things to be prepared for the voyage which is set down rather to draw the takers of the voyage in hande to the present consideration then for any other reason for that diverse things require preparation long before the voyage, without which the voyage is maimed. He cites that it will provide more room for English citizens to expand and move to colonized areas, trade and regulate trade with other nations. Richard Hakluyt's Reasons for Colonization. Readers loved these accounts, and Hakluyt's work helped to promote interest in England's colonization, or settlement, of North America. Cecil, who was the principal Secretary of State to Elizabeth I and James I, rewarded him by installing him as prebendary of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster on 4 May 1602. English author, editor and translator (15531616), It has been suggested that the Hakluyts were originally, "Richard Hakluyt", 13 in pt. IvyPanda, 8 Apr. [10] In May 1585 when Hakluyt was in Paris with the English Embassy, the Queen granted to him the next prebendary at Bristol Cathedral that should become vacant,[5][15] to which he was admitted in 1585 or 1586 and held with other preferments till his death. 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Board of Education of Topeka (1954), Richard Nixon on the American Standard of Living (1959), John F. Kennedy on the Separation of Church and State (1960), Congressman Arthur L. Miller Gives the Putrid Facts About Homosexuality (1950), Rosa Parks on Life in Montgomery, Alabama (1956-1958), Barry Goldwater, Republican Nomination Acceptance Speech (1964), Lyndon Johnson on Voting Rights and the American Promise (1965), Lyndon Johnson, Howard University Commencement Address (1965), National Organization for Women, Statement of Purpose (1966), George M. 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Bush on the Post-9/11 World (2002), Pedro Lopez on His Mothers Deportation (2008/2015), Chelsea Manning Petitions for a Pardon (2013), Emily Doe (Chanel Miller), Victim Impact Statement (2015). Hakluyt's great collection has been called "the Prose Epic of the modern English nation" by historian James Anthony Froude.

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